What is Nifty and Sensex? Difference Between Nifty And Sensex

If you want to earn money by trading or investing in share market but you do not have complete knowledge of Sensex and Nifty then you can never earn money from share market because Sensex and Nifty are two very important parts of share market. Often you must have heard or seen this in TV or newspaper like-

• Sensex went up so many points today,
• Today there was a huge fall in Sensex and Nifty,
• Investors suffered huge losses due to the fall of Sensex and Nifty.

सेंसेक्स और निफ्टी महत्वपूर्ण मेट्रिक्स/डेटा हैं जिनका उपयोग शेयर बाजार हर दिन बाजार के रुझान को निर्धारित करने के लिए करते हैं। लेकिन सेंसेक्स या निफ्टी क्या है? क्या अंतर है, और सबसे महत्वपूर्ण बात यह है कि निफ्टी और सेंसेक्स की गणना कैसे की जाती है? सभी सवालों के जवाब देने के लिए, हमें सबसे पहले इंडेक्स की अवधारणा को समझना होगा।

So why is it shown in the news and why is it so popular?

That is probably because you can know the condition of the stock market only by looking at Sensex and Nifty, you can find out whether the market will go up or down today. That is why it is very important for you to have complete knowledge about Sensex and Nifty.

After reading this post, all the questions you have about Sensex and Nifty will be answered like;

• What is Sensex and Nifty,
• What is the difference between Sensex and Nifty,
• Why do Sensex and Nifty rise and fall?
• How does Sensex and Nifty work,
• How many and which companies come in Nifty and Sensex,
• How are Sensex and Nifty formed and how to calculate them?
• Can the same company be listed on both BSE and NSE?

Today we are going to tell you the answers of all these questions in very easy language by example, then definitely read this post till the end. I guarantee you that after reading this post, you will not have any question related to Sensex and Nifty left in your mind.

What are Sensex and Nifty?

Sensex and Nifty is a benchmark index of the top companies of India which shows the performance of the country’s largest companies. Based on the performance of these top companies, the price of Sensex and Nifty increases or decreases.

Simply put, Sensex and Nifty are such numbers or numbers or there is a value which shows the fluctuations in the stock market, this value is called Sensex or Nifty. By its increase or decrease, it is known that the biggest companies of the country are making profit or loss.

If the Sensex or Nifty rises or goes up or there is a jump in it, then it means that the biggest companies of the country are making profit and due to this increase, the share price of these companies also increases. And at the same time it is said that the Sensex has risen so much today, due to which the investors have profited and that profit is also because the people who have bought the shares of these top big companies, when their share price increases. So they can earn profit by selling the shares.

On the contrary, when the Sensex or Nifty goes down or goes down or falls, it means that the biggest companies of the country are incurring losses and the share price of these companies is going down. And at the same time it is said that today there was a huge fall in Sensex and Nifty due to which people lost crores.

So now you must have understood that why people lose or gain crores due to the rise or fall of Sensex and Nifty. That’s because with the rise of Sensex and Nifty, the price of the stock increases and with the decrease, the price of the stock decreases.

We will also tell you further why this Sensex and Nifty are decreasing or increasing, apart from this, there are many other things, keep reading further-

What is Sensex and Nifty in Hindi

Before understanding Sensex and Nifty, you have to understand Stock Exchange and Index because Sensex and Nifty are also Index or Benchmark of BSE and NSE.

What are stock exchanges?

As we know stock market is a place where we buy and sell stocks of companies, there are two markets to buy and sell stocks in India, first Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and second National Stock Exchange (NSE).

Top companies of India are listed on these two stock exchanges and then we buy their shares. Every company has the right whether it has to be listed on BSE or on NSE. If the company wants, it can also be listed on both the exchanges. Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) come in the list of top 10 stock exchanges in the world.

There are more than 5000 companies listed in BSE , out of which only 500 companies are such which alone account for 90% of the entire market capitalization while NSE has more than 1600 companies listed.

Just as BSE and NSE are the two main stock exchanges in India, in the same way there is a stock exchange in the international market like ” New York Stock Exchange ” in America and ” Japan Exchange Group ” in Japan, so they are different in big countries too. There is a different stock exchange and every stock exchange has a different index like Nifty and Sensex like Japan’s index name is “ Nikkei 225 ”

Why were Sensex and Nifty created?

Now suppose you have to find out how high or low the share market is today compared to yesterday, then you will have to work very hard. First of all, you have to see the share price of all the companies, how much was their price yesterday and how much has happened today, then you have to total it and then by comparing the price of yesterday and today, you will know whether the stock market is up or down today.

There is really a lot of hassle in this work because if you have to find out the condition of the market, at what speed the market is growing or going down, then there will be a lot of problem to find out and to deal with this problem, Sensex and Nifty has been created. You can find out how companies are performing just by looking at them.

Example : Suppose if you want to find out that when the lockdown was imposed or there was a bad time in India, then what was its effect on the stock market, then we cannot find out without looking at Nifty and Sensex. That is why Sensex and Nifty have been made so that we can easily know the condition of the market.

What is Index in Sensex and Nifty?

Sensex and Nifty are themselves an index i.e. index of top companies of India. Sensex is the index of top companies of Bombay Stock Exchange and Nifty is index of top companies of National Stock Exchange.

Index means by making a list of India’s top companies, Top 30 or Top 50 companies, and then taking the average of the total market cap of all those companies, we are shown a value and that value is called Sensex or Nifty. 

मार्केट इंडेक्स क्या है?

एक मार्केट इंडेक्स स्टॉक एक्सचेंज में सूचीबद्ध सभी कंपनियों के समग्र प्रदर्शन का एक संकेतक है। यह शेयर बाजार में बाजार के प्रदर्शन, मूल्य भिन्नता आदि जैसे कई कारकों का माप है।

शेयर बाजार सूचकांक शेयर बाजार में होने वाले सभी परिवर्तनों को दर्शाता है। ये सूचकांक निवेशकों को शेयर बाजार की चाल के पैटर्न की पहचान करने में मदद करते हैं और उन्हें तदनुसार शेयरों में निवेश करने की अनुमति देते हैं।

To find out the economic development of any country, it is estimated by looking at the performance of the shares of the top companies of that country, there are thousands of companies listed in the stock market, so if we want to know the performance of the market, then every single company at a time. It is difficult to track the stock of the company, so that is why a sample is taken of all the companies, which represents the entire market and we call this sample ‘index’.

सेंसेक्स की तरह ही, बाजार पूंजीकरण की गणना सबसे पहले इक्विटी को बाजार मूल्य से गुणा करके की जाती है। फ्री-फ्लोट पूंजीकरण का निर्धारण करने के लिए, इक्विटी पूंजी को मूल्य से गुणा किया जाता है, और इसे एक बार फिर IWF (निवेश योग्य भार कारक) से गुणा किया जाता है। निफ्टी की गणना दैनिक आधार पर की जाती है, वर्तमान बाजार मूल्य को आधार बाजार पूंजी से विभाजित करके, और 1000 के आधार सूचकांक मूल्य से गुणा किया जाता है।

We call the index of BSE as Sensex and the index of NSE as Nifty .

What is sensex?

Sensex meaning in Hindi : The word Sensex is made up of Sensitivity and Index which is also called Sensitive Index in Hindi. Sensex was started from 1986 and at that time the base value of Sensex was ₹ 100 and today it is around ₹ 60,000 so you can guess at what speed Sensex is growing.

As its name suggests, it shows the sensitivity of the market. Sensitivity means what is the thinking of people about the market because people’s thinking has a great effect on the market, if people think that a stock will go up a lot, then they start buying it very quickly, due to which the price of the share increases. Like when people think negatively about a stock, its share price goes down.

कंपनियों द्वारा जारी किए गए सभी शेयरों का अनुपात जो बाजार में आम जनता के लिए व्यापार के लिए आसानी से उपलब्ध हैं, फ्री-फ्लोट बाजार पूंजीकरण के रूप में जाना जाता है। फ्री-फ्लोट बाजार पूंजीकरण पद्धति में, आधार अवधि के सापेक्ष सभी 30 चयनित शेयरों का बाजार मूल्य सूचकांक द्वारा परिलक्षित होता है। सेंसेक्स की गणना पहले 30 कंपनियों में से प्रत्येक के बाजार पूंजीकरण को निर्धारित करके की जाती है, और फिर इसे फ्री-फ्लोट फैक्टर से गुणा करके, जो फ्री-फ्लोट बाजार पूंजीकरण प्रदान करता है। फिर इसे सूचकांक भाजक द्वारा विभाजित किया जाता है।

Sensex is made up of 30 largest companies from different sectors of India. Eg: Health sector, Finance sector, Education sector etc.

Now you will think that there are only 30 companies in this, so how can it tell the sensitivity of the whole market because there are thousands of companies in the market. So your question is absolutely correct.

And the answer to this question is that if you look at the market cap of the Sensex, then you will come to know that this top 30 or top 50 companies cover almost 50 percent of the entire stock market and the same happens with Nifty because in that too. There are only 50 companies which are the biggest companies in India.

Sensex is also called BSE30 because within it only top 30 companies are selected out of 5500 companies listed in BSE, based on their market capitalization, some big companies which are listed in BSE like: Infosys, ITC, Hero e.t.c.

सेंसेक्स और निफ्टी के बीच अंतर

सेंसेक्स और निफ्टी शेयर बाजार के सूचकांक हैं, जिनका उपयोग शेयर बाजार की मजबूती को दर्शाने के लिए किया जाता है। जबकि दोनों की गणना लगभग एक ही तरीके से की जाती है, दोनों बाजार सूचकांकों के बीच कुछ अंतर हैं।

01. जबकि निफ्टी ‘नेशनल फिफ्टी’ से लिया गया है, सेंसेक्स ‘सेंसिटिव इंडेक्स’ से लिया गया है।

02. सेंसेक्स का संचालन बॉम्बे स्टॉक एक्सचेंज (बीएसई) द्वारा किया जाता है, जबकि निफ्टी का संचालन नेशनल स्टॉक एक्सचेंज (एनएसई) की सहायक कंपनी इंडिया इंडेक्स सर्विसेज प्रोडक्ट्स लिमिटेड (आईआईएसएल) द्वारा किया जाता है।

03. निफ्टी में शीर्ष 50 कंपनियों के 50 चयनित स्टॉक होते हैं, जिनका उपयोग सूचकांक निर्धारित करने के लिए किया जाता है, जबकि सेंसेक्स में शीर्ष 30 कंपनियों के 30 चयनित स्टॉक होते हैं, जिनका उपयोग सूचकांक निर्धारित करने के लिए किया जाता है।

04. निफ्टी का बेस इंडेक्स वैल्यू 1000 है, जबकि सेंसेक्स का बेस इंडेक्स वैल्यू 100 है

What is Nifty?

Nifty meaning in Hindi: The word Nifty is made up of National stock exchange’s National and Fifty means ’50’. Fifty is because Nifty is made up of top 50 companies of India. Nifty was started in 1994 and its base value was kept at ₹ 1000 and today the value of Nifty is more than ₹ 16000.

If we look at the market cap of these top 50 companies, it is equal to the market cap of other thousands of companies because it is the most liquid company in India. Liquid company means a company in which a large amount of shares are bought and sold. And you can easily buy or sell the stocks of these companies.

सेंसेक्स, सरल शब्दों में, बॉम्बे स्टॉक एक्सचेंज (बीएसई) में सूचीबद्ध 30 विशिष्ट कंपनियों के शेयरों का संयुक्त मूल्य है। बीएसई समय के साथ 30 की इस सूची को संशोधित कर सकता है। इसलिए, अगर सेंसेक्स में उतार-चढ़ाव होता है, तो यह अर्थव्यवस्था पर भी दिखाई देता है। उदाहरण के लिए, यदि सेंसेक्स बढ़ता है तो लोग स्टॉक खरीदने में अधिक दिलचस्पी लेते हैं क्योंकि उनका मानना ​​​​है कि अर्थव्यवस्था बढ़ने वाली है। लेकिन, अगर सेंसेक्स नीचे जाता है , तो लोग अर्थव्यवस्था में निवेश करना बंद कर देते हैं।

Because there are many such small stocks in India whose shares you cannot buy or sell, so when you place an order to buy them, your order goes pending. That is why avoid buying such stocks and always invest your money in a good company, if possible, buy the stocks of these top 50 companies only.

Nifty is also called Nifty50 because the top 50 companies come inside it.

Why do Sensex and Nifty rise and fall?

Sensex and Nifty also fluctuate on the basis of Demand and Supply rule.

For example: Suppose when a company earns a good profit, the demand for the shares of that company increases a lot in comparison to its supply, due to which the price of the share also increases and when the company suffers loss, the demand for its shares is less. Due to which the price of its share goes down.

Exactly the same happens in the price of Sensex and Nifty, but the only difference is that it shows the entire market, due to its decrease or increase, the entire market becomes up or down. When the market goes up i.e. there is a jump in the points of Sensex or Nifty then it is called Bull Market and when the market goes down ie Sensex and Nifty fall in value then it is called Bear Market .

Example : Suppose today the Sensex is at 50000 points, if it goes up means the points increase, then it means that the financial performance of most of the companies in the top 30 companies is good and the company is profiting from it, people buy more of their shares. are doing. And if the points go down then it means that the financial condition of most of the companies is not good due to which their share price also falls.

If the Sensex goes up, then it is a sign of economic growth like in 2008 or 2009, before the recession, the Sensex was at 21000 points, but after this recession it fell to 8900 points.

The reason for the fall of the Sensex at that time was that people had started selling the mother-in-law, this had created a situation of economic crisis in the country, that is why we decide whether the market is going up or down on the basis of the Sensex. and how is the economic growth of the country.

Why Sensex Changes During Budget?

You must have noticed one thing that when the budget is announced, there are a lot of fluctuations in the Sensex, then if the budget is positive for the market, then the Sensex and Nifty go up and when the budget is for the market. If it is negative then it goes down.

Can the same company be listed on both BSE and NSE?

Yes, of course , any company can be listed on both the BSE and NSE exchanges. Let us understand this through an example:

Example: When you buy a product online, you have other websites from where you can buy it like amazon and flipkart, then that same product is available on both websites, then on whichever website you find that product and its price right. Yes, you buy from there.

In the same way, you get to see the shares of the same company on both NSE and BSE, now your choice is where you want to buy. Meaning that a company can be listed on more than one stock exchange and its share price can be different everywhere because it completely depends on the buyers and sellers.

Just as the price of the same thing is different in every market, similarly the share price of the same company is seen differently in BSE and NSE also.

How are Sensex and Nifty calculated?

Before 2003, Sensex and Nifty were calculated on the basis of market capitalization of companies but since 2003 it is calculated on the basis of Free Float Market Capitalization .

Before understanding what is Free Float Market Capitalization, you should know about Market Capitalization.

Market Capitalization : Suppose there is an ABC company whose total shares are 500. Out of these 500 shares, 400 shares are for the general public and the remaining 100 shares are with the promoters and owners of the company and the price of each share is ₹ 100, then the total valuation of the company will be,
Total shares × Price per share means 500 × 100 = ₹ 50000 is the total value of that company, this is called Market Capitalization .

Free Float Market Capitalization means that the shares of Promoters or Owners of that company are not counted whereas in Market Capitalization the shares of Retail Investor i.e. Public as well as Shares of Owners of the company are also added.

For example : In the earlier example, only those 400 shares which were for the public would be counted and not those 100 shares which were with the management of the company.
So now Free Float Market Capitalization will happen;
Number of general public shares × price per share i.e. 400 × 100 = 40000 will be called Free Float Market Capitalization of that company .

Let us understand this through an example;

Example : Suppose there are only two companies in a market ABC and XYZ
out of which ABC Company’s Free Float Market Capitalization is 50000 and XYZ Company’s Free Float Market Capitalization is 40000 then Free Float Market Capitalization of entire market will be 50000+40000=90000 This is the Free Float Market Capitalization of the entire market and by this we calculate the Sensex.

Example : Suppose when the Sensex was calculated for the first time, the market value was 10000, now we have to consider this 10000 as 100 points, this is what we call the base index .

So for the first time when the BSE calculated the Sensex, the base value was kept at 100 points. This 100 was kept only to make the calculation easier. Similarly, when Nifty was launched, the base value was kept 1000 by NSE.

So to calculate the Sensex, the total Free Float Market Capitalization of the entire market is divided by 100, then the value that comes, we call it ‘Sensex’ and the value of this Sensex keeps changing from time to time.

In the same way, Nifty is also calculated, that means dividing 1000 by the total Free Float Market Capitalization of the entire market, the value of Nifty comes.

What is the difference between Sensex and Nifty?

Although both Sensex and Nifty are the index of top 30 and top 50 companies of India and both tell us about the movement in the stock market but still there are some differences between these two which are as follows-

• Sensex is the index of Bombay Stock Exchange while Nifty is the index of National Stock Exchange.
• The top 30 companies of BSE come under the Sensex, while the top 50 companies of the NSE come under the Nifty.
• While calculating Nifty, Base year 1995 and Base Value are taken as 1000 whereas while calculating Sensex, Base year 1979 and Base Value are taken as 100.